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Henry Ossian Flipper

(1856 - 1940)  Born near Thomasville, Georgia on March 21, 1856, Henry O. Flipper rose to prominence as the first African American graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1877. Despite being born into slavery to Festus, a shoemaker, and Isabella Flipper, Henry was reared in a family that emphasized excellence, and he and his younger brothers all became respected members of their communities.   Commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant in the U.S. Army upon completing West Point, Flipper was transferred to the l0th U.S. Cavalry Regiment where he became the highest ranking and most famous of the Buffalo Soldiers (African Americans in all-black regiments) stationed at Western military installations.  Flipper's assignments included Fort Sill, Oklahoma, and Fort Elliott, Fort Concho, Fort Davis, and Fort Quitman, all in Texas. Flipper earned distinction during the the Victorio Campaign which pitted the Apache leader Victorio against the U.S. Army in Texas and ...

Surgeon And Soldier

       Arthur M. Brown was born in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1867. His grandmother was one of that city's early public school teachers, and his parents made sure that he received a good education.        At age 24, Brown first opened his medical practice in Bessemer, Alabama, later moving to Cleveland, Ohio and Chicago, Illinois before establishing himself as a surgeon in Birmingham, Alabama in 1894. Dr. Brown was involved in a variety of civic activities, including service as chairman of the Alabama Prison Improvement Board. His wife, Nellie, also served her community as a case worker for the Children's Aid Society.        When the Spanish-American War broke out in 1898, Brown organized a company of infantrymen and offered the group's service to the Alabama governor. Although his group was not activated, Brown was commissioned a First Lieutenant and served as a surgeon in Santiago, Cuba throughout the war.   ...