(born Elmer Pratt , September 13, 1947 – June 2, 2011), also known as Geronimo ji-Jaga and Geronimo ji-Jaga Pratt , was a high-ranking member of the Black Panther Party . The Federal Bureau of Investigation targeted him in a COINTELPRO operation, which aimed to "neutralize Pratt as an effective BPP functionary." Pratt was tried and convicted of the kidnap and murder of Caroline Olsen in 1972, and spent 27 years in prison, eight of which were in solitary confinement . Pratt was freed in 1997 when his conviction was vacated. He was working as a human rights activist up until the time of his death. Pratt was also the godfather of the late rapper Tupac Shakur . He died of a heart attack in his adopted country, Tanzania , on June 3, 2011. Elmer Pratt was born in Morgan City, Louisiana , where his father was in the scrap metal business. Pratt was a high school quart...