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Richard Franklin Lennox Thomas Pryor (December 1, 1940 – December 10, 2005)

Richard Pryor was an American comedian, actor, film director,  social critic , satirist, writer, and  MC . Pryor was known for uncompromising examinations of racism and topical contemporary issues, which employed colorful vulgarities and profanity, as well as  racial epithets . He reached a broad audience with his trenchant observations and story telling style. He is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential stand-up comedians of all time:  Jerry Seinfeld  called Pryor "The  Picasso  of our profession", and  Bob Newhart  has called Pryor "the seminal comedian of the last 50 years". This legacy can be attributed, in part, to the unusual degree of intimacy Pryor brought to bear on his comedy. As  Bill Cosby  reportedly once said, "Richard Pryor drew the line between comedy and tragedy as thin as one could possibly paint it." Pryor's body of work includes the concert movies and recordings:...

The Colfax Massacre (1873)

The Colfax Massacre occurred on April 13, 1873. The battle-turned-massacre took place in the small town of Colfax, Louisiana as a clash between blacks and whites. Three whites and an estimated 150 blacks died in the conflict. The massacre took place against the backdrop of racial tensions following the hotly contested Louisiana governor's race of 1872.  While the Republicans narrowly won the contest and retained control of the state, white Democrats, angry over the defeat, vowed revenge.  In Colfax Parish (county) as in other areas of the state, they organized a white militia to directly challenge the mostly black state militia under the control of the governor.   Colfax Parish reflected the political and racial divide in Louisiana.  Its 4,600 voters in the 1872 election were split between approximately 2,400 hundred mostly black Republican voters and 2,200 white Democratic voters.  One incident however, touched off the Colfax massacre.  On...

Nella Larsen

Nellallitea "Nella" Larsen , born  Nellie Walker  (April 13, 1891 – March 30, 1964), was an American novelist of the  Harlem Renaissance . First working as a  nurse  and a  librarian , she published two novels— Quicksand  (1928) and  Passing  (1929)—and a few short stories. Though her literary output was scant, she earned recognition by her contemporaries. A revival of interest in her writing has occurred since the late twentieth century, when issues of racial and sexual identity have been studied. Her works have been the subjects of numerous academic studies. Nella Larsen was born  Nellie Walker  in a poor district of  Chicago  known as the Levee, on April 13, 1891, the daughter of Peter Walker, likely a mulatto  Afro-Caribbean  immigrant from the  Danish West Indies  and Marie Walker,  née  Hansen, a  Danish immigrant . Her mother was a seamstress and domestic worker. Her fat...